ºÚÁÏרÇø

Publications

• Wang, Louie Lei; Wang, Mari Vaage, Sandsør, Astrid Marie Jorde, Lekhal, Ratib & Melby-Lervåg, Monica (2025)
  Parental and child factors in children with special education
  Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research, p. 14-14. Doi:
• Harris, Samantha M.; Bye, Hege H. & Kunst, Jonas R. (2025)
  The Role of Norms and Acculturation in Migrants’ Willingness to Seek Mental Health Care: Results from a Large Preregistered Study
  Social Science and Medicine, p. 118598-118598. Doi:
• Obaidi, Milan; Kunst, Jonas R. & Myftari, Kledian (2025)
  Navigating the Threat Landscape: Understanding the Role of Threat Perceptions in Violent Extremism
• Black, Shlomo & Kunst, Jonas R. (2025)
  Individual and community post-traumatic growth: A data-driven examination of person, process, and contextual factors
  British Journal of Psychology. Doi:
• Soto-Sanfiel, María T.; Angulo-Brunet, Ariadna & Lutz, Christoph (2025)
  The Scale of Artificial Intelligence Literacy for all (SAIL4ALL): Assessing Knowledge of Artificial Intelligence in All Adult Populations
  Humanities and Social Sciences Communications.
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  This study presents a new artificial intelligence (AI) literacy scale for comprehensive assessment of the concept across adult populations, regardless of the setting in which it is applied: the SAIL4ALL. The scale contains 56 items distributed across four different themes [(1) What is AI? (a: Recognizing AI, Understanding Intelligence and Interdisciplinarity; b: General vs. Narrow AI); (2) What can AI do?; (3) How does AI work?; and (4) How should AI be used?] and has two different response formats (true/false and 5-point Likert scale), each of which can be applied depending on the context. The study provides quantitative evidence of psychometric quality in three different UK samples. It also presents evidence of internal structure validity through confirmatory factor analysis and adequate internal consistency for most of the scales and formats. Moreover, it shows measurement invariance tested for gender and education level. Finally, the study also assesses the relationship of AI literacy with external measures, examining the nomological network. SAIL4ALL demonstrates positive evidence of psychometric quality, and serves as a valuable tool for determining both actual and perceived knowledge of AI, thus guiding educational, organizational, and institutional AI literacy initiatives.

• Hoffmann, Christian Pieter & Lutz, Christoph (2025)
  Blasting and posturing: How impression management contributes to inequalities in political expression on Facebook
  Computers in Human Behavior Reports, 20, p. 100795-100795. Doi:
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  Social media provide opportunities for political engagement. Yet, previous research has shown that political engagement on social media remains socially stratified, with younger, male and more educated individuals more drawn to online politics. This study builds on impression management theory to examine how the expressive and performative nature of online politics contributes to a ‘digital divide’ in political expression. We examine the role of five distinct impression management techniques in German users' political expression on Facebook. Impression management research has found that sociodemographic variables, such as age, gender and education, affect an individual's propensity for distinct impression management techniques. Thereby, examining the role of impression management contributes to our understanding of the sociodemographic stratification of online political expression. Based on a survey of 1012 Facebook users, we find that assertive impression management techniques, in particular, facilitate online political expression. However, young and male users are most likely to engage in these techniques. Political interest relates to four of the five impression management techniques, but not the most assertive technique, which strongly relates to Facebook political expression.

• Ovati, Tone Sofie Røsholt; Rydland, Veslemøy, Lekhal, Ratib, Lydersen, Stian & Grøver, Vibeke (2025)
  Does Teacher Talk During Shared Reading Predict Child Oral Language Development in Diverse ECEC Settings?
  First language.
• Karlsen, Heidi & Alm, Kristian (2025)
  Chapter 9 Has law and social science trivialised the concept and practice of whistleblowing in Norway 2007–2023?
  Doi:
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  This chapter examines the modern evolution of whistleblowing legislation and practice in Norway and its implications for Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). Our discourse analysis spans legal provisions, scholarly research, and national surveys and reports on whistleblowing. A finding is that the whistleblowing institution is tied to a power inter-est in encouraging employees to speak out, predominantly to prevent severe public interest damage to the population and economy. Yet, we have found that the law’s broad whistleblowing concept has led to the predominance of commonplace personal-related cases within organisations’ whistleblowing channels. Our analysis further aimed to dis-cern whether this prevailing broad understanding of whistleblowing serves the public interest or rather prioritises individual grievances at its expense. Both organisations’ whistleblowing routines and research surveys exploring the landscape of whistleblowing tend to be based on or are bound by the broad whistleblowing concept in the legislation. Consequently, we have limited tools for assessing whetherwhistleblowing serves the public interest and is an efficient mechanism for detecting when CSR fails. We examine recent research indicating an increase in retaliation against whistleblowers. However, the broad whistleblowing concept makes it difficult to discern whether this increase targets public interest reporting, individual grievance reporting, or both. Consequently, our ability to assess the effectiveness of whistleblowing to restore CSR is impaired. The ºÚÁÏרÇø Supreme Court recently interpreted the whistleblowing provisions, solidifying a low threshold for what constitutes whistleblowing. A dissenting minority highlighted the provisions’ intent: whistleblowing in the public interest. Against this background, we conclude by providing suggestions for improving the whistleblowing institute and its potential as a CSR mechanism.

• Liu, Huaming; Sang, Hui, Wang, Xuejie & Yu, Shubin (2025)
  Effects of ability self-discrepancy on consumer behavior: the moderating role of self-efficacy
  Current Psychology, 44, p. 4170-4179. Doi:
• Alacovska, Ana; Fieseler, Christian & Avellaneda, Victor Andrés Renza (2025)
  Speculative labour: The financialized imagination of creative work and the assetization of digital art through non-fungible tokens (NFTs)
  New Media & Society. Doi:
• Wilhelmsen, Tiril; Lekhal, Ratib, Rydland, Veslemøy & Coplan, Robert J. (2025)
  Exploring the role of early childhood educators’ emotion socialization strategies in the development of young children’s social and non-social play behaviors
  Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 73. Doi:
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  It is widely postulated that caregivers’ emotion socialization strategies support children’s positive socio-emotional functioning with peers. However, this theoretical model has been rarely examined empirically in the context of early childhood education and care (ECEC), despite ECEC being a prominent environment for children to practice peer play (a robust marker variable for social and emotional competencies). This study explored the role of ECEC teachers’ emotion coaching and emotion distracting strategies in the development of children’s social and non-social play behaviors over time. Participants were 275 teachers and 487 children (aged 36–57 months) from 123 classrooms in 56 ECEC centers in Norway. Results from multilevel linear mixed modeling analyses indicated that emotion coaching was associated with a steeper increase in social play and steeper decrease in reticent behavior. In contrast, although emotion distracting was also associated with a steeper decrease in reticent behavior, it also predicted a less steep increase in social play. These results suggest that emotion coaching is a supportive socialization strategy for children’s peer relations in ECEC, whereas findings for distracting were more mixed. Using responses from multiple teachers within each classroom to examine both average classroom scores, in addition to minimum and maximum classroom scores, offers a novel insight into the group dynamics of teacher-child interactions in ECEC to support children’s peer relations.

• Gran, Anne-Britt (2025)
  Performing Not-Not-Me in SoMe: A New Theatrical Typology of Self-Presentation Online
  Social Media + Society, 11(1). Doi:
• Myrvang, Christine (2025)
  De siste arkivrotter
• Ding, Haien & Kuvaas, Bård (2025)
  Exploring the necessary roles of basic psychological needs at work: A necessary condition analysis
  Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 98(1). Doi:
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  Self-determination theory (SDT) postulates that all humans have basic psychological needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness. SDT scholars employ a necessity logic to define and interpret the roles of psychological need satisfaction for optimal human development. However, traditional regression techniques, often applied to test hypotheses derived from SDT, are unsuitable for testing necessity statements. To achieve a theory-method alignment, we employed necessary condition analysis (NCA) to examine whether basic psychological needs at work are necessary for employees' intrinsic motivation, identified regulation, life satisfaction, and vigour at work. Study 1's cross-sectional data (N = 550; Germany) and Study 2's time-lagged data (N = 417; UK and US) generally support the necessary roles of need satisfaction. Notably, intrinsic motivation and vigour are especially constrained by basic psychological need satisfaction. This research advances SDT by providing more precise accounts of the theory from a necessity-oriented lens. We also highlight the importance of management practices that can satisfy employees' basic psychological needs at work.

• Michal, Piksa; Magdalena, Zaniewska, Agata, Cieslik-Starkiewicz, Kunst, Jonas R., Mikolaj, Morzy, Jan, Piasecki & Rafal, Rygula (2025)
  The link between tobacco smoking and susceptibility to misinformation
  Psychopharmacology, p. 1-10. Doi:
• Soelseth, Camilla Holm; Bøyum, Idunn, Colbjørnsen, Terje, Pharo, Nils & Tallerås, Kim (2025)
  Public libraries on TikTok – emerging platform vernaculars of communication and distribution
  Information, Communication & Society, p. 1-20. Doi:
• Miguel, Cristina; Lutz, Christoph, Xiao, Yunhao, Majetić, Filip & Perez-Vega, Rodrigo (2025)
  Relational work in motion: navigating romantic relationships as digital nomads
  Information, Communication & Society, online first. Doi:
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  Digital nomads (DNs) employ digital tools to work remotely while traveling, allowing them to explore various locations without having the constraints of a single workplace. This research focusses on the perceived challenges of DNs in forming and maintaining romantic relationships. Through participant observation, 20 in-depth interviews with DNs, and an analysis of the r/digitalnomad sub-reddit, this study explores: 1) how DNs explain their experience with romantic relationships in relation to their lifestyle; 2) how they deal with the difficulties of forming and maintaining romantic relationships. Guided by relational work and inter-role conflict theories, we identify four conflict types of within DNs' romantic relationships: attitude-based, location-based, time-based, and money-based. To address these conflicts, our interviewees used resource conservation, segmentation, and compensation mechanisms. The paper also discusses DNs' strategies for finding new romantic partners, such as attending DN events organised via social media groups to connect with fellow DNs, as many believed that finding a partner who was also a DN would be ideal to keep their lifestyle and not to have to reduce their mobility patterns. Moreover, DNs engaged with locals through meetups and dating apps. In existing romantic relationships, technology played an important role by enabling connectedness between partners that might be in different locations. Higher levels of communication were also key to maintaining romantic relationships and negotiating boundaries. Our findings highlight the prioritisation of the lifestyle over romantic c​o​m​

• Allegretta, Silvia; Gavrilova, Margarita, Kartushina, Natalia, Mayor, Julien, Roch, Maja & Kunst, Jonas R. (2025)
  Parental Attitudes and Children’s Language Development: A Cross-Cultural Evaluation of the Early Parenting Attitudes Questionnaire
  Collabra: Psychology. Doi:
• Dinan, Mona Masoumi & Lutz, Christoph (2025)
  Studying short-term rental platform perceptions and use through a digital inequality lens
  Frontiers in Sustainable Tourism, 4, p. 1-11. Doi:
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  Short-term rental (STR) platforms hold promise for promoting inclusive tourism, although the digital divide risks barring certain groups from reaping these benefits. Existing research has analyzed the impacts of STR platforms but there is a lack of evidence on impact perceptions, especially as they relate to socio-demographic variables. To address this shortcoming and using digital inequality theory, we report the results of a survey in the United States and the United Kingdom. We find that age is a significant factor in shaping perceptions and engagement with STR platforms. Younger individuals have a more positive outlook toward STRs and are more likely to use them. Education and income also influence STR use. American respondents generally had more positive perceptions of STR impacts yet showed less engagement with the platforms than their British counterparts. These insights can inform strategies to mitigate digital inequalities and optimize the inclusivity of STR platforms.

• Respi, Chiara; Gui, Marco, Scaduto, Gaetano, Serini, Miriam, Pizzul, Dario, Gerosa, Tiziano & Lutz, Christoph (2025)
  Lower Cynicism, Not Higher Literacy, Promotes Protective Behavior: Exploring the “privacy exception” in the Digital Inequality Framework
  Social science computer review. Doi:
• Petterson, Aino Lilja & Kunst, Jonas R. (2025)
  Understanding Diversity in Norway: Ethnicity, Gender, Religion, and Social Class
  Doi:
• Lutz, Christoph; Newlands, Gemma Elisabeth Marjorie & Jarrahi, Mohammad Hossein (2025)
  Hybrid Intelligence
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  This chapter offers a comprehensive overview of hybrid intelligence, through which humans collaborate with artificial intelligence (AI) systems to enhance human and AI capabilities while ensuring that human values, needs, and authority remain central. In line with the principles of Human-Centered AI (HCAI), hybrid intelligence leverages the complementary strengths of humans and AI to create systems that augment, rather than replace, human decision-making and creativity. The chapter discusses how hybrid intelligence prioritizes human oversight and ethical considerations, ensuring that AI serves to enhance human wellbeing and align with societal values. It also addresses recent technological advancements, including foundation models, which have highlighted the importance of hybrid intelligence in fields such as healthcare, decision support, and innovation. Alongside these developments, the chapter emphasizes critical ethical and social challenges, such as fairness, accountability, trust, and privacy, within an HCAI framework. The chapter concludes by highlighting future research directions that integrate technical, social, and ethical perspectives to create sustainable, human-centered hybrid intelligence systems that prioritize human agency oversight as well as ethical design.

• Lutz, Christoph; Miguel, Cristina, Mujirishvili, Tamara, Perez-Vega, Rodrigo & Fedosov, Anton (2025)
  Social and Societal Issues in AAL
  Doi:
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  Active Assisted Living (AAL) systems use advanced technology to help older, impaired, or frail people live independently and stay active in society. These systems rely on automated data monitoring in home or care environments, processing video, image, audio, environmental, and motion data through artificial intelligence (AI), particularly machine learning. Thus, AAL systems offer considerable opportunities for efficient health monitoring, increased autonomy, and enhanced quality of life for older adults. However, AAL technologies also present ethical, legal, and social challenges, particularly around privacy due to the sensitive nature of the data collected and the vulnerability of the populations served. Beyond privacy, the broader social implications of AAL must be considered, including the potential reshaping of care relationships and work within the sector. This chapter provides an in-depth overview of the social and societal issues surrounding AAL, offering a comprehensive literature review that highlights the challenges in implementing these systems in everyday life. Specifically, the chapter discusses cultural differences, biases, the normalization of surveillance, the reshaping of care work and relationships, and matters of trust and adoption, alongside the opportunities AAL technology offers for prolonged independent living.

• Kunst, Jonas R. (2025)
  Redefining the Mainstream: A Review and Meta-Analysis of the Evolving Dynamics of Majority-Group Acculturation
  European Review of Social Psychology, p. 1-51. Doi:
• Wu, Jing; Tangirala, Subrahmaniam & Zhang, Pengcheng (2025)
  When Voice Takes Destructive Rather Than Constructive Forms in Manager–Employee Dyads: A Power-Dependence Perspective
  Journal of Applied Psychology, p. 1-20. Doi:
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  We offer a relational perspective on how power shapes voice in the employee–manager dyad. We argue that to properly understand the impact of employees’ power on voice, it must be analyzed alongside the power held by their managers. We propose that although voice increases when employees hold high power, its form—whether constructive or destructive—depends on their managers’ power. We posit that employees’ dependence on managers for rewards and sponsorship reflects the power that managers hold over employees, while managers’ reliance on employees for expertise and knowledge signifies the power that employees hold over managers. We argue that when employees’ power increases in the context of high managerial power, they are more likely to develop interdependent and contextualized self-evaluations, such as organization-based self-esteem. These self-evaluations promote a constructive voice that involves challenging the status quo in a functional and actionable manner. Conversely, when employees’ power increases in the context of low managerial power, they may develop independent and inflated self-evaluations, such as ego inflation. This can lead to destructive voice that involves merely expressing negativity as a way of questioning the status quo. We find support for our theory through a complementary set of studies, including a preregistered experimental study and a two-wave multisource field study. We discuss the implications of our findings for theory and practice.

• Yu, Shubin; Roh, Soojin & Liu, Huaming (2025)
  The Devil Replies Slowly: How the Response Speed of Online Luxury Retailers Affects Brand Attitude
  International Journal of Electronic Commerce, 29(2), p. 185-209. Doi:
• Roh, Soojin & Yu, Shubin (2025)
  The Digital Language of Emotion: Cautions and Solutions for Strategic Use of Emoji in Responding Information System Incidents
  Communications of the Association for Information Systems, 56, p. 675-719. Doi:
• Lutz, Christoph; Baruh, Lemi, Quinn, Kelly, Epstein, Dmitry, Masur, Philipp & Wilhelm, Carsten (2025)
  Comparative Approaches to Studying Privacy: Introduction to the Special Issue
  Social Media + Society, 11(2). Doi:
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  This editorial introduces the Social Media + Society special issue “Comparative Approaches To Studying Privacy.” Recognizing the importance of privacy in today’s digital societies and volatile political and regulatory environments, the editorial highlights the pressing need for comparative research on the topic and describes the articles in this special issue. The special issue addresses the theoretical, methodological, and practical challenges and opportunities of researching privacy across cultural, social, political, economic, and technological units of comparison. The articles in the special issue explore diverse privacy understandings, attitudes, and practices across contexts, challenging decontextualized and mono-cultural understandings in relation to social media and adjacent technologies. The special issue articles also illustrate fruitful ways privacy can be studied across different units of comparison with qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods. Several contributions in the special issue, including this editorial, not only broaden the scope of privacy research but also encourage engagement with multi-stakeholder perspectives in the context of social media, considering the role of policy, industry, and civil society. In the editorial, we briefly relate the special issue and its contributions to the comparative privacy research framework (CPRF), which serves as a useful starting point and a solid conceptual foundation for comparative privacy research. Finally, we develop a research agenda for future comparative privacy research, which critically examines position of power and epistemological biases, evaluates the comparability of the subject of study, determining and justifying relevant units of comparison, and helps to analyze how these units interact in shaping the concept of privacy.

• Gacumo, Radel James; Campbell, Janine Anne, Løkken, Ingrid Midteide & I, Natalia Kucirkova (2025)
  The role of gender in multisensory reading: Children's engagement with olfaction-enhanced digital books
  International Journal of Educational Research, 133. Doi:
• Gacumo, Radel James; Campbell, Janine Anne, Løkken, Ingrid Midteide & I, Natalia Kucirkova (2025)
  The role of gender in multisensory reading: Children's engagement with olfaction-enhanced digital books
  International Journal of Educational Research, 133. Doi:
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  The study explores the effect of olfactory enhancements on children's engagement with digital books and examines potential gender differences in their responses. Grounded in multisensory learning and affordances, the study hypothesised that olfactory cues would enhance children’s engagement during shared reading. The sample consisted of 65 ºÚÁÏרÇø-speaking children aged 4–5 from five different early childhood education and care centres (ECEC), who experienced both olfaction-enhanced and standard digital books in a within-subjects design. Results revealed significantly higher engagement across persistence, enthusiasm, compliance, overall engagement, and diverse facial responses when children interacted with the olfaction-enhanced book. No gender differences in engagement were observed, which suggests that multisensory design may offer inclusive opportunities for engaging young readers. This study contributes to emerging discussions on how sensory-rich features in digital texts might support early literacy experiences and enhance children’s enjoyment of reading. Implications for educational practice and policy include the recommendation for thoughtful integration of diverse, multimodal texts into early childhood education to foster inclusive and meaningful engagement with reading.

• Gils, Suzanne van & Seljeseth, Ingvild Müller (2025)
  Ally or antagonist? Moral identity determines the curvilinear effect of ethical leadership on employee stress
  Journal of Business Research, 199. Doi:
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  Building on the Job Demands-Resources theory, we present moral identity internalization as moderator for the curvilinear relationship between ethical leadership and stress. Study 1 (N = 231, MTurkers) showed participants a vignette indicating low, high, or extreme levels of ethical leadership and then measured moral identity and stress. We found that extreme levels of ethical leadership are more stressful than high levels for participants low in moral identity, while there is no difference in stress for those high in moral identity. Study 2 (N = 257, prolific.com participants) replicated these findings using continuous measures and Johnson-Neyman analyses. Both studies support our hypothesized interaction pattern: While higher levels of ethical leadership negatively related to stress for those high in moral identity, those low in Moral identity may experience a U-shaped pattern such that high levels of ethical leadership are optimal, while both low and extreme levels of ethical leadership evoke stress.

• Zhou, Xiaoyu; Chettiar, Cicilia, Daniele, Paolini, Dubrov, Dmitrii, Grigoryev, Dmitry, Šakan, Dušana, Oliver, Eliza, Korjenic, Elma Medosevic -, Campos, Adolfo Fabricio Licoa, Novaes, Felipe, Maricchiolo, Fridanna, English, Alexander Scott, Navarro-Carrillo, Ginés, Belen, Hacer, Gunawan, Hendrik, Jiang, Huang, Hofhuis, Joep, Kunst, Jonas R., Park, Joonha, Neto, Jose Candido Pereira, Huang, Kaiyue, Addington-Lefringhausen, Katharina, Wei, Liuqing, Hossain, Kazi Nur, Martínez-Buelvas, Laura, Yousefi, Mahdi, Yuki, Masaki, Falavarjani, Mehrdad F., Schwarzenthal, Miriam, Klimek-Tulwin, Monika, Kosakowska-Berezecka, Natasza, Geeraert, Nicolas, Khieowan, Nuannut, Yudiarso, Ananta, Chobthamkit, Phatthanakit, Sun, Qian, Cowden, Richard G., Castro, Rita, Thomson, Robert, Tong, Rongtian, Malik, Sadia, Lins, Samuel, Očovaj, Sanja Batić, Wang, Shuang, Dash, Arobindu, Aquino, Sibele D., Kulich, Steve, Farid, Tahir, Alves, Tales, Talhelm, Thomas, Jovanović, Veljko, Yeung, Victoria Wai Lan, Li, Xiaoyuan, Zhang, Xinyi, Tipandjan, Arun, Biddle, Ashley, Nam, Benjamin H. & Boonroungrut, Chinun (2025)
  Understanding perceived COVID-19 changes, collectivism, and social exclusion: A cross-cultural study in 32 countries
  International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 107, p. 1-11. Doi:
• Dinan, Mona Masoumi; Lutz, Christoph & Poli, Nikola (2025)
  Residents’ perspectives on short-term rental platforms through a sustainability lens
  Current Issues in Tourism. Doi:
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  This study investigates the sustainability implications of Short-Term Rental (STR) platforms through a qualitative approach, analysing rich data from residents of the United States and United Kingdom. Using thematic analysis, we identify positive and negative perceived impacts of STRs across three dimensions of sustainability and look at four key stakeholders affected by these platforms. The economic aspect of sustainability received the most attention and was perceived as the most pronounced impact on all stakeholders including guests, hosts, local businesses and neighbours. Furthermore, a comparison between the two countries indicates that a larger proportion of British residents perceive minimal to no impacts of STRs on their communities compared to their American counterparts. This research shows the complex interplay between STR platforms and sustainability, providing valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders striving to navigate the challenges and opportunities presented by the sharing economy in the tourism sector.

• Masur, Philipp; Epstein, Dmitry, Quinn, Kelly, Wilhelm, Carsten, Baruh, Lemi & Lutz, Christoph (2025)
  Comparative privacy research: Literature review, framework, and research agenda
  The Information Society, 41(2), p. 69-90. Doi:
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  The ways in which privacy is understood, defined, perceived, and enacted are contingent on cultural, social, political, economic, and technological settings. Yet, privacy research is often criticized for not adequately accounting for these. A comparative perspective requires the contextualization of privacy through investigating similarities and differences across contexts. This article outlines the Comparative Privacy Research Framework, which involves (a) scrutinizing one’s position (of power) and epistemological biases, (b) assessing the comparability of the object under study, (c) identifying and justifying meaningful units of comparison, and (d) reflecting on how these units of comparison interact in shaping privacy. We conclude by proposing a comparative privacy research agenda that informs efforts in privacy regulation, education, and research.

• Sanden, Guro Refsum & Pietikäinen, Kaisa Sofia (2025)
  Global Leadership and Language
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• Petterson, Aino Lilja & Kunst, Jonas R. (2025)
  Understanding Diversity in Norway: Ethnicity, Gender, Religion, and Social Class
  Doi:
• Kunst, Jonas R. & Bierwiaczonek, Kinga (2025)
  Toward a Parsimonious Framework for Understanding Emotional Reactions to Conspiracy Theories Across Cultures
  Psychological Inquiry, 35(3-4), p. 229-232. Doi:
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  Conspiracy theories have the capacity to evoke intense emotions that can serve as catalysts for behavioral propensities, even those of the most extreme nature (Bierwiaczonek et al., 2024), underscoring the paramount importance of a psychological understanding of this intricate process. While a number of studies have investigated the role of emotions in this context (e.g., Prooijen, 2022; van Prooijen et al., 2022; Wabnegger et al., 2024), a comprehensive framework to elucidate how different conspiracy theories elicit distinct emotions based on their appraisal has been notably absent. This lacuna in the literature makes the contribution by Pummerer et al. (2024) all the more invaluable and timely. In their review, the authors put forward the Appraisal Model of Conspiracy Theories (AMCT) to understand the diverse emotional and behavioral consequences of conspiracy beliefs. The model posits that different features of conspiracy theories, when made salient, elicit specific combinations of appraisals related to certainty, control, and pleasantness. These appraisal patterns are thought to be associated with distinct emotions such as fear, anger, disgust, pride, and schadenfreude, which in turn are connected to different action tendencies ranging from withdrawal, confrontation, aggression aimed at exclusion, to community-building. The model can be considered a seminal contribution to the field and generates many testable hypotheses for future research.

• Yu, Shubin & Talukdar, Nabanita (2025)
  The Guilt-Relief Pill: The Effect of a Sustainability Claim for Luxury Brands
  European Journal of Marketing.
• Köse, Dicle Berfin; Oksa, Reetta, Savela, Nina, Latikka, Rita & Oksanen, Atte (2025)
  The Effect of Professional Social Media Usage on Procrastination and Work Engagement in the Face of the COVID-19 Pandemic
  Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, p. 1-18. Doi:
• Flø, Ellen Egeland & Smedsrud, Jørgen (2025)
  Assessing STEM differentiation needs based on spatial ability and engagement: implications for making activities
  Frontiers in Psychology. Doi:
• Adamska, Katarzyna; Solberg, Elizabeth Anne & Wong, Sut I (2025)
  On digital mindset: How our beliefs can shape perceptions of and responses to digital change
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• Nikolova, Irina; Wong, Sut I, Wu, Jing & Caniëls, Marjolein C. J. (2025)
  Leaders' cognitive framework and employees' autonomy during digital organizational change
  Doi:
• Orel, Marko; Černe, Matej & Wong, Sut I (2025)
  The Idea of Humanizing Digital Workplace—but Questioning the Humane Side of it. An Introduction
  Doi:
• Ackerman, Joshua M.; Akello, Grace, Suh, Eunkook M., Alfian, Ilham N., Al-Shawaf, Laith, Alvarez, Marinés M., Ammann, Jeanine, Arikan, Gizem, Asha, Saiyeda A., Astobiza, Anibal M., Baeza-Ugarte, Carmen G., Barclay, Pat, Samore, Theodore, Barlow, Fiona Kate, Bizarro, Lisiane, Bressan, Paola, Castellanos-Chacón, Andres, Choy, Bryan K.C., Chusairi, Achmad, Contreras-Garduño, Jorge, Cosamalón, Brenda L. Chávez, Costa-Neves, Bernardo, De, Mallika, Fessler, Daniel M.T., Lima, Tiago J.S. de, Zoysa, Piyanjali de, Dryžaitė, Ieva, Elbæk, Christian T., Fedor, Peter, Fernández, Ana M., Fernandez-Morales, Regina, Fülöp, Márta, Gamsakhurdia, Vladimer Lado, Garcia-Gómez, Leonor, Kupfer, Tom R., Garcia-Marques, Leonel, Garduño-Franco, Jimena, Grazioso, María del Pilar, Habacht, Fanny, Hasan, Youssef, Haugestad, Camila P., Haugestad, Christian Andres Palacios, Havlíček, Jan, Hernandez, Earl J., Hoang, Vu M., Choi, Soyeon, Hong, Minsung, Hromatko, Ivana, Iliško, Dzintra, Imada, Hirotaka, Jakšić, Ivana, Jarmakowski, Tomasz, Jónsdóttir, Harpa L. Hjördísar, Kajokaite, Kotrina, Kaňková, Šárka, Kervyn, Nicolas, Merrell, Wilson N., Kim, Jinseok P., Kunst, Jonas R., Laakasuo, Michael, Leongómez, Juan David, Li, Norman P., Lu, Junsong, Lynch, Nathan, Maegli, María A., Manley, Harry, Marcu, Gabriela, Aarøe, Lene, McAfee, Thea, Mitkidis, Panagiotis, Molnár, Nándor B., Morvinski, Coby, Muhamad, Haslina, Nejat, Pegah, Huy, Hoang Nguyen, Oliveira, Angelica N., Olsson, Mats J., Onyishi, Charity N., Aavik, Toivo, Onyishi, Ike E., Orozco, Reegan, Otterbring, Tobias, Ottersen, Ida Strande, Pacheco-López, Gustavo, Panagiotopoulou, Penny, Paniagua, Walter, Parvin, Roksana, Pavlović, Zoran, Prokop, Pavol, Acabado, Stephen, Raffman, Emma, Rizwan, Muhammad, Rojas, Sheila, Różycka-Tran, Joanna, Sánchez, Oscar R., Selim, Heyla, Sevi, Barış, Shani, Yaniv, Shastry, Madhulika S. & Stieger, Stefan (2025)
  I see sick people: Beliefs about sensory detection of infectious disease are largely consistent across cultures
  Brain, Behavior, and Immunity, 128, p. 737-750. Doi:
• Kunst, Jonas R. & Obaidi, Milan (2025)
  The Future of Violent Extremism Research – 5 Recommendations Based on a Machine Learning Analysis of 34,000+ Articles
• Osborn, D; Lilly, Kieren J., Kunst, Jonas R., Obaidi, Milan & Bos, Kees van den (2025)
  The Role of Relative Deprivation in the Process of Radicalization into Violent Extremism
• Benningstad, Nora Cornelia Glerud; Miles-Novelo, Andreas, Kunst, Jonas R., Obaidi, Milan & Anderson, Craig A. (2025)
  Climate and Catalyst Events and Their Intersection with Violent Extremism
• Lekhal, Ratib; Karlsen, Lisa-Marie, Wilhelmsen, Tiril, Vandell, Deborah Lowe, Lydersen, Stian & Rydland, Veslemøy (2025)
  Promoting classroom quality through professional development: Results from the Oslo early education study, a randomized controlled trial
  Studies in Educational Evaluation, 86, p. 1-11. Doi:
• Ozer, Simon; Obaidi, Milan & Kunst, Jonas R. (2025)
  Globalization, immigrant acculturation expectations, and extremism
  Migration Studies, 13(1), p. 1-25. Doi:
• Alacovska, Ana; Bucher, Eliane & Fieseler, Christian (2025)
  Multimodal identity work: The power of visual images for identity construction in the gig economy
  Human Relations. Doi:
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  We adopt a visual methods approach, in conjunction with an interview-based study, to investigate the identity work of creative workers who sell their services remotely as online freelancers via gig economy platforms. Based on visual self-portrayals elicited from 53 remote gig workers, including illustrators, animators and graphic designers, and their subsequent verbal reflections on these images, our study elucidates the generative power of visual images for gaining insights into identity work, especially in non-traditional work contexts facilitated by digital technologies. We distinguish key identity work strategies that remote gig workers use to construct their identities in relation to idealized, publicly available and free-floating imaginaries of platform labour. These strategies ranged from fully embracing such imaginaries to their vehement rejection, as well as strategies aimed at maintaining a balance between these extremes. Besides the embodied, sensorial intensities and imaginative projections underpinning such identity construction in the gig economy, our analysis foregrounds also the spatial aspects of identity work. Theoretically, we propose a redefinition of identity work as a multimodal accomplishment rather than exclusively a narrative one to better explain the elusive and contradictory aspects of identity work, including its affective and spatial character.

• Stensen, Kenneth; Wilhelmsen, Tiril, Buøen, Elisabet Solheim & Lekhal, Ratib (2025)
  Investigating the Psychometric Properties of the Emotionality Activity and Sociability Temperament Survey among Young Preschoolers in Norway
  Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 47(2), p. 1-8. Doi:
• Kolnar, Knut (2025)
  Det maskuline dilemma. Sentripetal og peripetal vold
  Doi:
• Fedosov, Anton; Tamò-Larrieux, Aurelia, Lutz, Christoph, Fosch-Villaronga, Eduard & Čartolovni, Anto (2025)
  Privacy-Friendly and Trustworthy Technology for Society
  Digital Society: Ethics, Socio-Legal and Governance of Digital Technology, 4, p. 1-12. Doi:
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  We have witnessed an increased use of technology in every facet of our lives. These technologies come with great promises, such as enabling more independent living for older adults or people with physical disabilities, yet also fears, for instance, over privacy concerns or trust in automated systems. In this Topical Collection, we focus on Active and Assisted Living (AAL) technologies, which require trustworthiness and adherence to privacy regulations for successful adoption. The Collection contains six selected papers that address themes like privacy-by-design, trust in AI, and balancing privacy with technological innovation under regulations like GDPR and the AI Act. The presented articles emphasize the user-centered, privacy-friendly approaches to AAL designs, robust regulatory frameworks, and interdisciplinary methodologies to ensure ethical, trustworthy technologies.

• Lauring, Jakob; Jonasson, Charlotte & Sanden, Guro Refsum (2025)
  When can resistance to a standardization policy result in destandardization? The case of corporate language implementation
  International Business Review, 34(4), p. 1-18. Doi:
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  The implementation of corporate language policies is widely regarded as a strategy for improving communication and coordination across globally dispersed organizations. However, employees who experience a mismatch between the corporate language and their competencies or job requirements may resist the policy or attempt to change it, as documented in existing language-sensitive international business research. Nevertheless, the long-term effects of resistance against a language policy initiative have yet to be explored. We applied a two-year qualitative study following the top management’s decision to use English as a corporate language in a Danish organization. Results showed that discrepancies between external job requirements and policy directions were used by employees as a source of power to legitimize reinterpretations of the policy leading to a language destandardization process with important consequences for the organization. These findings contribute to literature on language policy implementations by describing how negotiated reactions change the practice of a policy.

• Bao, Wuxia; Beuckels, Emma, Hudders, Liselot & Yu, Shubin (2024)
  Livestreaming commerce for luxury brands: how to enhance luxury perceptions through strategizing streamers?
  International Journal of Advertising: the review of marketing communications. Doi:
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  Luxury brands have begun embracing livestreaming commerce since the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the current knowledge regarding the impact of livestreaming commerce on luxury perceptions remains limited. This study explores how luxury perceptions can be enhanced in livestreaming commerce by investigating the role of streamer characteristics. More specifically, we examine the role of parasocial interaction, self-streamer congruity, and social presence. A survey was conducted among 432 Chinese respondents who had previously watched livestreams for luxury brands. The findings indicate that parasocial interaction and actual self-streamer congruity positively impact luxury perceptions by fostering enhanced feelings of social presence, while ideal self-streamer congruity is not an influential factor. The conclusion of this paper discussed implications for marketers and researchers.

• Olsen, Ragnhild Kristine & Solvoll, Mona Kristin (2024)
  Theoretical perspectives on crisis, resilience, and innovation
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  This chapter describes how the concepts of crisis, resilience, and innovation are well-suited for capturing how ºÚÁÏרÇø news media dealt with the Covid-19 pandemic. The pandemic posed threats to public health, leading to increased urgency for accurate information dissemination. As such, the crisis served as a catalyst, accelerating changes in news production, distribution, consumption, and business models. Persistence reflects resilience as the ability to regain stability and get back to “business as usual”, adaptability as resilience refers to large adjustments in professional practices in response, while transformability brings radical long-lasting renewal of the whole organisation. Presenting a normative view of innovation in journalism, this chapter focuses on value creation, improvement, and novelty. Innovation involves adjusting existing products or services and introducing new ideas perceived as novel by audiences. This coincides with the transformation of journalism from physical news products to digitalised services. Summarising insights from different strands of innovation literature, we identify a set of internal factors, or building blocks, of journalism innovation: resources, technology, organisation, management, culture, and business model.

• Xia, Wei; Yu, Shubin & Li, Changxu (2024)
  Influence of Physical Attractiveness and Gender on Patient Preferences in Digital Doctor Consultations: Experimental Study
  Journal of Medical Internet Research (JMIR), 26. Doi:
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  Background: The rise of digital health services, particularly digital doctor consultations, has created a new paradigm in health care choice. While patients traditionally rely on digital reviews or referrals to select health care providers, the digital context often lacks such information, leading to reliance on visual cues such as profile pictures. Previous research has explored the impact of physical attractiveness in general service settings but is scant in the context of digital health care. Objective: This study aims to fill the research gap by investigating how a health care provider’s physical attractiveness influences patient preferences in a digital consultation setting. We also examine the moderating effects of disease severity and the availability of information on health care providers’ qualifications. The study uses signal theory and the sexual attribution bias framework to understand these dynamics. Methods: Three experimental studies were conducted to examine the influence of health care providers’ physical attractiveness and gender on patient preferences in digital consultations. Study 1 (n=282) used a 2×2 between-subjects factorial design, manipulating doctor attractiveness and gender. Study 2 (n=158) focused on women doctors and manipulated disease severity and participant gender. Study 3 (n=150) replicated study 2 but added information about the providers’ abilities. Results: This research found that patients tend to choose attractive doctors of the opposite gender but are less likely to choose attractive doctors of the same gender. In addition, our studies revealed that such an effect is more prominent when the disease severity is high. Furthermore, the influence of gender stereotypes is mitigated in both the high and low disease severity conditions when service providers’ qualification information is present. Conclusions: This research contributes to the literature on medical information systems research and sheds light on what information should be displayed on digital doctor consultation platforms. To counteract stereotype-based attractiveness biases, health care platforms should consider providing comprehensive qualification information alongside profile pictures.

• Ziegele, Daniel & Zerfass, Ansgar (2024)
  The Evolution of Communication Consulting: A Long-Term Comparison of Service Quality in Strategic Communication
  International Journal of Strategic Communication. Doi:
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  Communication leaders and their teams are seldom able to handle the broad range of challenges within their area of responsibility by themselves. They rely on agencies as an external workbench and as specialists for new or seldom used practices. More importantly, they seek advice from communication consultants to understand challenges, and to identify opportunities for action. The increasing demand for such services has pushed prices and intensified the debate about their quality. Surprisingly, research on communication consulting and its quality is sparse. The first empirical studies were conducted just 10 years ago. In light of dynamic industry developments, the question arises regarding how the understanding and perceptions of communication consulting quality has evolved. To this end, a comparative study surveyed a total of 422 communication agencies in 2013 and 2023 on the relevance, factors, assurance, and showcasing of consulting quality. The results reveal that the importance of consulting quality is still high, but underlying conditions and implementation of quality have changed considerably. As the first in-depth and long-term exploration of this phenomenon, this research helps to shed light on a highly relevant but underexplored facet of strategic communication. It informs practice and offers numerous starting points for future research.

• Alacovska, Ana; Bucher, Eliane & Fieseler, Christian (2024)
  Algorithmic Paranoia: Gig Workers' Affective Experience of Abusive Algorithmic Management
  New technology, work and employment. Doi:
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  Amidst the rapid rise of gig economy platforms, gig workers increasingly report feelings of mistrust, anxiety, and profound fear under opaque and abusive algorithmic management. This article introduces the concept of ‘algorithmic paranoia’ to capture the negative affective experiences stemming from workers' perceptions of algorithmic management as non-transparent, arbitrary, and retaliatory. Drawing on the concept of organisational paranoia from sociology and organisation studies, we theorise how workers' adverse experiences breed mistrust and suspicion toward both human and nonhuman actors on the platform. This culminates in intense feelings of persecution and anticipations of harm, which workers strive to cope with through hypervigilance and self-protective actions aimed at pre-empting anticipated threats. Our study contributes to existing literature by emphasising the role of affect in workers' responses to algorithmic management, highlighting the self-reinforcing dynamics among perceptions of abusive management, negative affective experiences, and preventive, self-preserving actions. We base our findings on an abductive analysis of data from 53 in-depth interviews with creative freelancers on gig economy platforms and conversations from an online community forum.

• Xiao, Yunhao & Lutz, Christoph (2024)
  Wayfarers in Cyberspace: A Temporal Investigation of Digital Nomads Based on Liquid Modernity Theory
  Journal of Travel Research. Doi:
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  Following the recent rise of digital nomadism, this study explores changing patterns of travel and work among highly mobile individuals. We draw on liquid modernity theory to analyze data from Reddit’s r/digitalnomad subreddit over 3.5 years. Fifteen topics and seven clusters capture the rich discussions. The most discussed topic was Destination review & recommendation, followed by Emotional needs & lifestyle choice. Regulatory issues also emerged as a significant concern. The pandemic influenced sentiment fluctuations over time, but the tone of topics remained mostly neutral. Our research provides nuanced insights into digital nomads’ habits, concerns, and lifestyle choices, showing how travel-related aspects feature front and center. For the tourism industry, our findings offer actionable suggestions to cater to this dynamic and economically powerful traveler group. Finally, and as a theoretical contribution, the study enhances our understanding of the role of global disruptive events, such as pandemics, in liquid modernity.

• Gmyrek, Pawel; Lutz, Christoph & Newlands, Gemma Elisabeth Marjorie (2024)
  A technological construction of society: Comparing GPT-4 and human respondents for occupational evaluation in the UK
  British Journal of Industrial Relations, 63(1), p. 180-208. Doi:
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  Despite initial research about the biases and perceptions of large language models (LLMs), we lack evidence on how LLMs evaluate occupations, especially in comparison to human evaluators. In this paper, we present a systematic comparison of occupational evaluations by GPT-4 with those from an in-depth, high-quality and recent human respondents survey in the UK. Covering the full ISCO-08 occupational landscape, with 580 occupations and two distinct metrics (prestige and social value), our findings indicate that GPT-4 and human scores are highly correlated across all ISCO-08 major groups. At the same time, GPT-4 substantially under- or overestimates the occupational prestige and social value of many occupations, particularly for emerging digital and stigmatized or illicit occupations. Our analyses show both the potential and risk of using LLM-generated data for sociological and occupational research. We also discuss the policy implications of our findings for the integration of LLM tools into the world of work.

• Colbjørnsen, Terje (2024)
  Joe Rogan v. Spotify: Platformization and worlds colliding
  Convergence. The International Journal of Research into New Media Technologies. Doi:
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  In May 2020, the music streaming service Spotify acquired exclusive rights to The Joe Rogan Experience, one of the world’s most popular podcasts. While the music streamer had started its foray into the podcasting world with acquisitions in 2019 of podcasting networks and production companies, the investment on Rogan was widely seen as a strong commitment. Rogan’s podcast is known to be humorous, crass, and often controversial. As the show dealt with highly contentious issues surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic, criticism emerged, both from medical professionals, from artists and from within Spotify. The most widely published pushback came from artist Neil Young in January 2022, as he posed an ultimatum: ‘They can have Rogan or Young. Not both’. The Joe Rogan v. Spotify case can be seen as indicative of how the platformization of podcasting creates tensions and conflicts: Worlds collide as the logics of music publishing and news publishing crash with Rogan’s free reign podcasting world. As a result, Spotify, as a podcasting platform and publisher, finds itself in unfamiliar terrain. This paper connects the details of the case with theories of platformization, looking specifically at the role of Spotify as a comparatively new distributor of podcasts and a driving force to connect various audio formats. Drawing on media industry studies and scholarship on media policy and regulation, the paper ends with a discussion on how to understand the complexity of Spotify’s role as a publisher and a platform and Rogan’s role as a platform creator.

• Johansen, Madeléne & Colbjørnsen, Terje (2024)
  Digital spilldistribusjon i folkebiblioteket. Hvordan spill som service utfordrer tilbudet til norske folkebibliotek
  Doi:
• Wong, Sut I (2024)
  數位零工族如何在職涯路上保持熱情
  Harvard Business Review.
• Newlands, Gemma Elisabeth Marjorie & Lutz, Christoph (2024)
  Mapping the prestige and social value of occupations in the digital economy
  Journal of Business Research, 180. Doi:
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  With the emergence of the digital economy, the occupational landscape in many countries has undergone major transformations. While scholars have started to study the working conditions of digital economy occupations such as app-based food delivery couriers and social media influencers, assessing societal perceptions of these occupations remains uncharted territory. This article provides a substantive contribution through an in-depth analysis of occupational prestige and occupational social value perceptions across 76 UK digital economy occupations. Leveraging two expansive surveys with more than 2400 respondents, the findings show that these nascent occupations tend to have modest prestige, and that their perceived social value is lower than that of analogous non-digital occupations. Socio-economic factors and attitudes foster variability in societal perceptions. The research thus advances a nuanced understanding of the evolving digital economy, providing evidence for fellow researchers, policymakers, and the larger public, for whom the results help contextualize career choices and occupational identities.

• Gong, Wanqi; Ye, Wenqing & Yu, Shubin (2024)
  Facilitating Endorsement Efficacy: The Interplay of Parasocial Interaction, Product Placement, and Influencer Type
  Journal of Theoretical and Applied Electronic Commerce Research, 19(4), p. 3214-3228. Doi:
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  Social media platforms fostering a closer and more intimate bond between celebrities and their fan bases has opened up diverse avenues for product placement. In light of this, this study endeavors to explore the profound influence of parasocial interaction (PSI) and product placement on the effectiveness of celebrity endorsement within the social media landscape. The results derived from an online experiment unveil the positive impact of parasocial interaction on consumers’ attitudes and purchase intention. Notably, the potency of PSI is enhanced when product placement is prominent. The results also uncover the crucial role of brand recall as a mediator in the relationship between parasocial interaction and endorsement outcomes. These findings shed light on the underlying mechanisms governing the influence of parasocial interaction and social media celebrity types in the realm of social media endorsement while also providing valuable insights into the moderating role of product placement. From a practical standpoint, the results underscore the critical importance of carefully selecting celebrity endorsers and strategically positioning products. Armed with this knowledge, marketers and advertisers can better explore the complex landscape of social media endorsement with greater efficacy and precision.

• Miguel, Cristina; Lutz, Christoph, Vega, Rodrigo Perez & Majetić, Filip (2024)
  'Alone on the Road': Loneliness among Digital Nomads and the Use of Social Media to Foster Personal Relationships
  Media, Culture and Society, 47(3), p. 546-566. Doi:
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  The ‘digital nomad’ (DN) neotribe includes professionals who work remotely from different locations. Despite the benefits of digital nomadism (e.g., work flexibility, high mobility, leisure-centeredness) and opportunities for meeting like-minded people, one of the consequences of the lifestyle may be loneliness. By using 30 in-depth interviews, this study explores the interaction between digital nomadism and loneliness. We conceptualize the DN lifestyle as a continuum that may, but does not have to, lead to feelings of loneliness. External factors such as lack of social support, often related to the capacity to stay in a place long enough to build a network or the social competence skills to connect with others, may contribute to greater levels of loneliness. Conversely, in line with networked individualism, it examines how DNs seek more control over constructing their own social networks in the context of a hyperindividualistic society. Instagram, Facebook groups, Slack, MeetUp, CouchSurfing, and Tinder are identified as key platforms for DNs to connect with people, especially for bridging social capital, whereas WhatsApp is used more for bonding social capital. The paper offers a timely discussion of the way that DNs use different social media platforms to overcome loneliness, forge intimate connections, and build community.

• Myrvang, Christine (2024)
  Frihetens øyeblikk? Handlinger, stemmer og taushet i det offentlige ytringsrommet på Kongsberg 1886–1890
  Historisk tidsskrift, 103(1), p. 20-35. Doi:
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  Artikkelen diskuterer bevegelser i det lokale ytringsrommet på Kongsberg i årene 1886–1890. Med utgangspunkt i etableringen av en ny, venstre-liberal lokalavis spør undersøkelsen om hendelsen kan ses på som et «frihetens øyeblikk» i offentligheten, slik avisa proklamerte. Artikkelen løfter særlig fram det som ofte havner i en blindsone: avviket, det neglisjerte, det tause, og den viser hvordan det var et knippe kvinnelige frelsesarmeoffiserer som virkelig flyttet ytringsrommets grenser disse årene.

• Løkken, Ingrid Veronika Midteide; Campbell, Janine Anne, Dale, Philip S & Kucirkova, Natalia (2024)
  Exploring the sense of smell in shared digital book reading: An experiment
  International Journal of Educational Research Open, 8. Doi:
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  Shared book reading during early childhood contributes to children's development in many important ways. This small-scale experiment, the first of its kind in the emerging field of olfactory research, explores whether reading a digital book with accompanying smell stimulation has a measurable effect on children's engagement, vocabulary acquisition, story comprehension, and overall interest in reading and smell. The study was conducted with 65 4- and 5-year-old ºÚÁÏרÇø-speaking children, attending ECEC centers. Olfactory stimulation did not produce higher scores on post-experiment vocabulary and story comprehension, only the control variables of gender and prior vocabulary knowledge significantly predicted vocabulary and story comprehension scores. However, children's engagement was higher for stories with accompanying olfactory stimulation. Future research could integrate odour release into the reading device to not disrupt the reading process, and more reliably test the hypothesis that olfactory stimulation is conducive to reading engagement and learning outcomes.

• Lutz, Christoph (2024)
  Social Inequalities and Artificial Intelligence: How Digital Inequality Scholarship Enhances Our Understanding
  Doi:
• Xiao, Yi; Zhou, Enhui & Yu, Shubin (2024)
  Unraveling the anchoring effect of crisis communication in cyberattack spillover crises
  Public Relations Review, 50(2). Doi:
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  A spillover crisis arises when an external organization’s events create worry, ambiguity, or unfavorable perceptions for another organization. The study shows that organizational response strategies for spillover crises are influenced by an anchoring effect, where competitors’ level of accommodation in their crisis response serves as an anchor point. The difference between accommodative and advocative crisis responses becomes more pronounced when the anchor response has a lower level of accommodation. Additionally, stakeholders’ confidence in an organization’s ability to manage crises can predict its reputation during spillover crises. If an organization chooses to respond with advocacy, it may experience a decline in reputation compared to adopting a competitor's accommodative anchor response due to decreased stakeholder confidence. Conversely, using an accommodative response can result in a higher organizational reputation than following a competitor’s advocative anchor response since it boosts stakeholder confidence. The study highlights the importance of considering situational factors such as competitor responses in the contingency theory of accommodation. Additionally, this study provides evidence that a continuum of public response confidence could be another valuable tool for understanding how crises impact reputation.

• Farstad, Christian Winther & Arnulf, Jan Ketil (2024)
  Individual characteristics in arts management careers: investigating the highly sensitive person scale on motivation to lead
  Frontiers in Psychology, 15, p. 1-13. Doi:
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  Research on personality in leadership indicates that self-selection to leadership careers and artistic careers correlates with diverging personality profiles. People in leadership careers traditionally display lower neuroticism and higher conscientiousness than artistic individuals. In between, there are individuals entering arts management careers. To study these individuals directly, we collected ºÚÁÏרÇø data from 91 musical theater students and 102 arts management students and compared with 109 business management students. As expected, conscientiousness and neuroticism predicted artistic careers against business management careers, aligned with the “arts for arts’ sake” myth of artists. Interestingly, arts management careers were not different from artistic careers. They weren’t more motivated to take on leadership roles than performing artists either. However, the Highly Sensitive Person Scale indicated that narrower traits of sensitivity predicted higher levels of motivation to lead in many artists. Some arts and arts management students seem to bring unique talents into forms of leadership particularly useful for artistic organizations. Our findings are discussed in terms of how leadership characteristics operate in the field of art, and the effect of domain-specific characteristics in this setting.

• Newlands, Gemma Elisabeth Marjorie & Lutz, Christoph (2024)
  Occupational prestige and occupational social value in the United Kingdom: New indices for the modern British economy
  Research in Social Stratification and Mobility, 91. Doi:
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  Sociological research has long been interested in occupational evaluation. However, occupational research remains hampered by conceptual ambiguity and methodological problems. To address these issues, we present new indices of occupational prestige and occupational social value for 576 occupation titles aligned with the ILO International Standard Classification of Occupations (ISCO-08). A shorter core list with 130 occupation titles – one per ISCO-08 minor group – is also provided. Based on comprehensive and recent evidence from 2429 respondents, we carve out the evaluative landscape of occupations in the United Kingdom. We show how occupational prestige and occupational social value are correlated but distinct. A clear hierarchy appears, with highly educated occupations at the top and stigmatised or illicit occupations at the bottom. The study thus contributes to social stratification research and encourages reuse of the scores in future occupational research.

• Xiao, Yi & Yu, Shubin (2024)
  Can ChatGPT replace humans in crisis communication? The effects of AI-mediated crisis communication on stakeholder satisfaction and responsibility attribution
  International Journal of Information Management, 80. Doi:
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  Imagine a world where chatbots are the first responders to crises, efficiently addressing concerns and providing crucial information. ChatGPT has demonstrated the capability of GenAI (Generative Artificial Intelligence)-powered chatbots when deployed to answer crisis-related questions in a timely and cost-efficient manner, thus replacing humans in crisis communication. However, public reactions to such messages remain unknown. To address this problem, this study recruited participants (N1 = 399, N2 = 189, and N3 = 121) and conducted two online vignette experiments and a qualitative survey. The results suggest that, when organizations fail to handle crisis-related requests, stakeholders exhibit higher satisfaction and lower responsibility attribution to chatbots providing instructing (vs. adjusting) information, as they are perceived to be more competent. However, when organizations satisfy requests, chatbots that provide adjusting (vs. instructing information) lead to higher satisfaction and lower responsibility attribution due to higher perceived competence. The second experiment involving a public emergency crisis scenario reveals that, regardless of the information provided (instructing or adjusting), stakeholders exhibit greater satisfaction and positive attitudes toward high-competence (vs. low-competence) chatbots. The qualitative study further confirms the experimental findings and offers insights to improve crisis chatbots. These findings contribute to the literature by extending situational crisis communication theory to nonhuman touchpoints and providing a deeper understanding of using chatbots in crisis communication through the lens of machine heuristics. The study also offers practical guidance for organizations to strategically integrate chatbots and human agents in crisis management based on context.

• Wong, Sut I; Zhang, Limei, Černe, Matej & Moe, Nils Brede (2024)
  Influence of Digital Communication Configuration in Virtual Teams: A Faultline Perspective
  Journal of Management Information Systems, 41(4), p. 1111-1141. Doi:
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  The recent and swift move to virtual working has highlighted a need for greater understanding of how to best communicate remotely for work, how well team members are able to identify the correct communication mediums for their tasks and how team members align on how to complete these tasks. Drawing on Media Synchronicity Theory (MST), we examine communication-based subgroup dynamics in terms of faultline strength—the degree to which a team is hypothetically divided by lines of communication media they use—and subgroup imbalance regarding the influence of communication-based subgroup dynamics on virtual team sociability, and subsequently, team coordination. Results from a field study (Study 1) with 292 team members belonging to 37 virtual teams, and an experiment (Study 2) with 385 participants provided support for the hypotheses. Our findings contribute to existing theory by underscoring the idea that it is not simply virtuality, but the misalignment of the use of communication mediums among team members that plays a key role in the development of communication challenges in virtual teams. The study takes a novel approach by addressing how faultline strength within virtual teams that can cause communication challenges. Consequently, organizations are encouraged to pay attention to guidelines of the use of virtual communication tools and team composition to enhance communication and collaboration within virtual teams.

• Huse, Morten (2024)
  Women in Boards
• Hoffmann, Christian Pieter; Lutz, Christoph & Ranzini, Giulia (2024)
  Inequalities in Privacy Cynicism: An Intersectional Analysis of Agency Constraints
  Big Data & Society (BD&S), 11(1), p. 1-13. Doi:
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  A growing body of research highlights a trend toward widespread attitudes of privacy cynicism, apathy, and resignation among Internet users. In this work, we extend these discussions by concentrating on the concept of user agency. Specifically, we examine how five types of structural constraints — interpersonal, cultural, technological, economic, and political — restrict user agency and contribute to the prevalence of privacy cynicism as a common response. Drawing on critical data studies and adopting an intersectional lens, we demonstrate how these constraints disproportionately impact various social groups unequally, leading to a disparate distribution of agency and privacy cynicism. Furthermore, we contend that the sense of powerlessness engendered by excessive constraints on user agency can, in turn, exacerbate user vulnerability to such constraints, potentially initiating a vicious cycle of disempowerment. The article enriches the field of privacy research by linking the traditionally individual-focused and psychological dimensions of privacy with critical surveillance studies and by proposing potential interventions to mitigate privacy cynicism.

• Meurer, Madeleine; Bucher, Eliane & Gils, Suzanne van (2024)
  Defending your own or trolling the haters? A configurational approach to incivility in online communities
  MIS Quarterly, 49(2), p. 581-610. Doi:
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  This study explores the emergence of incivility in online communities, challenging the traditional perspective that attributes incivility to individual elements of sociotechnical systems. We argue that this narrow focus fails to recognize the complex interactions between these elements, leading to a rudimentary understanding of how incivility originates and evolves. To address this gap, our research employs fuzzy set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA), examining approximately 4.3 million posts from 100 diverse online communities on Reddit. Through this analysis, we identified five distinct paths that converged into two primary community configurations: close-knit and scattered communities. Each configuration exhibits unique affordances whose activation fosters incivility in different ways. Based on these findings, we expand the understanding of incivility to include subtle, indirect behaviors beyond overt forms such as trolling or hate speech and show how the interplay of multiple community elements produces affordances, avoiding the narrow view of individual affordances and shedding light on variations of social systems. Finally, we demonstrate that within the same digital platform, different social systems can impact user behaviors, including incivility.

• Nystad, Kathrin; Drugli, May Britt, Lydersen, Stian, Tveit, Håvard Horndalen, Lekhal, Ratib & Buøen, Elisabet Solheim (2024)
  Toddlers’ Cortisol Levels in Childcare and at Home
  Early Education and Development, 36(1), p. 62-79. Doi:
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  Research Findings: Measuring toddlers’ cortisol levels both in childcare and at home and their relation to child- and childcare-related factors may help to identify stress-inducing childcare practices and children who are more vulnerable to stress in childcare. Accordingly, toddlers’ (n = 320, 51.2% female, mean age = 26.8 months) cortisol levels in childcare and at home and their relation to childcare quality and child- and family-related factors were investigated using linear mixed model analyses. Mid-morning to mid-afternoon cortisol levels increased in childcare and decreased at home. Younger children had higher overall cortisol levels. Children attending groups with a higher caregiver – child ratio had slightly higher cortisol levels in childcare and slightly lower cortisol levels at home. Toddlers attending disorganized groups were considerably more stressed in childcare. Practice or Policy: The present study underlines the importance of sufficient caregiver availability and stable routines in toddler classrooms.

• Monzani, Lucas; Aruta, John Jamir Benzon R., Avanzi, Lorenzo, Bunjak, Aldijana, Černe, Matej, Edelmann, Charlotte M., Epitropaki, Olga, Fransen, Katrien, García-Ael, Cristina, Giessner, Steffen, Gleibs, Ilka H., Bibic, Kira, Godlewska-Werner, Dorota, Kark, Ronit, Gonzales, Ana Laguia, Lam, Hodar, Lupina-Wegener, Anna, Markovits, Yannis, Maskor, Mazlan, Alonso, Fernando Jorge Molero, Leon, Juan Antonio Moriano, Neves, Pedro, Haslam, Alexander, Pauknerová, Daniela, Retowski, Sylwiusz, Roland-Lévy, Christine, Samekin, Adil, Sekiguchi, Tomoki, Story, Joana, Stouten, Jeroen, Sultanova, Lilia, Tatachari, Srinivasan, Bunderen, Lisanne van, Kerschreiter, Rudolf, Dijk, Dina Van, Wong, Sut I, Dick, Rolf Van, Wilson-Lemoine, Jérémy E., Steffens, Niklas K., Akfirat, Serap Arslan, Ballada, Christine Joy A. & Bazarov, Tahir (2024)
  Political leaders' identity leadership and civic citizenship behavior: The mediating role of trust in fellow citizens and the moderating role of economic inequality
  Political Psychology, 45(6). Doi:
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  Identity leadership involves leaders creating and promoting a sense of shared group membership (a sense of 'we' and 'us') among followers. The present research report tests this claim by drawing on data from 26 countries that are part of the Global Identity Leadership Development (GILD) project to examine the relationship between political leaders' identity leadership and civic citizenship behavior (N = 6,787). It also examines the contribution of trust and economic inequality to this relationship. Political leaders' identity leadership (PLIL) was positively associated with respondents' people-oriented civic citizenship behaviors (CCB-P) in 20 of 26 countries and civic citizenship behaviors aimed at one's country (CCB-C) in 23 of 26 countries. Mediational analyses also confirmed the indirect effects of PLIL via trust in fellow citizens on both CCB-P (in 25 out of the 26 countries) and CCB-C (in all 26 countries). Economic inequality moderated these effects such that the main and indirect effects of trust in one's fellow citizens on CCB-C were stronger in countries with higher economic inequality. This interaction effect was not observed for CCB-P. The study highlights the importance of identity leadership and trust in fellow citizens in promoting civic citizenship behavior, especially in the context of economic inequality.

• Draper, Nora; Hoffmann, Christian Pieter, Lutz, Christoph, Ranzini, Giulia & Joseph, Turow (2024)
  Privacy resignation, apathy, and cynicism: Introduction to a special theme
  Big Data & Society (BD&S), 11(3). Doi:
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  The growing trend of collecting data about individuals to track past actions and infer future attitudes and behaviors has fueled popular and scholarly interest in the erosion of privacy. Recent shifts in technologies around machine learning and artificial intelligence have intensified these concerns. This editorial introduces the articles in the special theme on digital resignation and privacy cynicism: concepts developed in the past decade to explain the growing powerlessness individuals feel in relation to their digital privacy even as they continue to experience consternation over the collection and use of their personal information. The papers in this special theme engage and extend existing research on these topics. The original articles and commentaries pose theoretical and practical questions related to the ways people confront the powerful institutional forces that increasingly shape many aspects of the information environment. They employ several methodologies and theoretical perspectives and extend the range of geographic, political, cultural, and institutional contexts in which privacy cynicism and digital resignation can be identified and examined. In addition to contextualizing these contributions, this editorial maps a range of related concepts including digital resignation, privacy cynicism, privacy apathy, surveillance realism, privacy fatigue, and privacy helplessness. It concludes by identifying key themes across the papers in this collection and provides directions for future research.

• Bao, Wuxia; Hudders, Liselot, Yu, Shubin & Beuckels, Emma (2024)
  Virtual luxury in the metaverse: NFT-enabled value recreation in luxury brands
  International Journal of Research in Marketing. Doi:
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  With the emergence and popularity of non-fungible tokens (NFTs), the luxury brand industry has experienced an increase in their use of NFTs. This study employs multiple-case studies, thematic analysis method, and grounded theory to analyze 40 luxury NFT campaigns from 2021 and 2022. The analysis applies a sociotechnical perspective, integrating the technical factors of NFTs and the social factors of luxury value. The study identifies the values, attributes, and strategies of NFT-based virtual luxury. Based on the findings, this study introduces the concept and definition of virtual luxury to understand and advance luxury brands in the Metaverse. This study theoretically contributes to the luxury industry by envisioning a virtual transformation of luxury brands.

• Wu, Jing; Tangirala, Subrahmaniam, Knippenberg, Daan van & Shu, Rui (2024)
  Only time will tell: How teams centralize their voice around competent members over time to perform better
  Journal of Organizational Behavior. Doi:
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  We posit that time significantly impacts how voice—members' expression of work-related ideas—becomes unequally distributed within teams. Building upon insights from expectation states theory (EST), we propose that over time, voice becomes more centralized in teams, especially around members who are more competent than others. Moreover, we argue that teams whose members are higher in conscientiousness or openness to experience are better able to place more competent members in central speaking roles early on as well as progressively replace less competent members with more competent ones in those roles. Finally, we predict that, in comparison to teams that have egalitarian voice distributions, those that end up with more centralized voice distributions perform better when they give their most competent members more dominant speaking roles and perform worse when they do not. We found general support for these arguments in a study using four waves of data collected over time from 175 student project teams. Thus, we highlight how voice centralization does not always have negative consequences for teams but can benefit teams in certain circumstances.

• Lutz, Christoph; Tamò-Larrieux, Aurelia & Fosch-Villaronga, Eduard (2024)
  How Social Robots Affect Privacy: Navigating the Landscape
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  Social robots are increasingly used in different domains, such as healthcare, education, and retail. Researchers across disciplines have shown how social robots differ from other technologies, for example in terms of ethical, legal, and social (ELS) aspects. Privacy is a particularly important and relevant ELS aspect of social robots, given their heightened autonomy, data-processing capabilities, and physical mobility. This chapter provides an overview of key privacy implications in relation to social robots. It reviews useful privacy theories and discusses recent studies on privacy and social robots, showing how such research has become more empirical over time but still prioritizes data protection and data-related aspects of privacy over other dimensions, such as physical, psychological, and social ones. The chapter also combines a social science and legal lens, showing how the law addresses relevant social and ethical implications, particularly in Europe. It concludes with a future research agenda on how to investigate the topic.

• Lutz, Christoph; Majetić, Filip, Miguel, Cristina, Vega, Rodrigo Perez & Jones, Brian (2024)
  The perceived impacts of short-term rental platforms: Comparing the United States and United Kingdom
  Technology in society, 77. Doi:
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  Short-term rental platforms such as Airbnb have enjoyed considerable success in recent years. However, critics accuse the platforms of having negative impacts, leading to gentrification, disruption, and increased rent and house prices. While research has investigated actual impacts of short-term rental platforms, we lack systematic, generalizable, and comparative evidence on the perceived impacts of such platforms, especially from a social exchange perspective. To address this shortcoming, we conducted a representative survey in the US and UK with a holistic set of perceived impacts. Using social exchange theory (SET) and applying a range of multi-variate statistical analyses, especially exploratory factor analysis and cluster analysis, we systematically compare these two contexts to identify clusters that perceived the social exchanges derived from STRs as distinct. The findings indicate that US residents assess short-term rental platforms more positively than UK residents, especially for recreational, amenities-oriented and economic impacts. Among respondents who have used short-term rental platforms as guests, the perceptions are more alike between the two countries, suggesting a homogenization effect. We discuss the theoretical and practical implications of the results.

• Wei, Xia; Yu, Shubin & Li, Xi (2024)
  Price it High if it is Varied: Perceived Heterogeneity and the Effectiveness of Discount Framing Strategies for Travel Packages
  Journal of Travel Research, 64(3). Doi:
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  In recent years, consumers have been confronted with the proliferation of package bundling (i.e., marketing multiple products or services together in a single package at a discounted price) in the tourism industry. This paper aims to investigate how different discount framing strategies affect consumers’ purchase intention of a vacation package. Through four experimental studies, this paper reveals that the perceived heterogeneity of a component influences the effectiveness of different discount framing strategies. In particular, consumers prefer the vacation package in which the high-heterogeneity component is not discounted, while the low-heterogeneity component is discounted. The effect of perceived heterogeneity on purchase intention can be explained by the perceived quality of the component. Therefore, the effect is mitigated when quality assurance cues are present.

• Brøgger, Benedicte & Larsen, Lotta Björklund (2024)
  Chapter 12. Too close for comfort: a case study of boundary work implementing cooperative compliance policies in Norway and Sweden
• Smedsrud, Jørgen; Bungum, Berit & Flø, Ellen Egeland (2024)
  Gifted students’ experiences with participation in enrichment programs at talent centers in Norway
  Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research. Doi:
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  Gifted students may be at risk of school disengagement due to lacking intellectual challenges. Four talent centers were established to offer makerspace enrichment programs, because makerspace activities promote engagement and science, mathematics, and technology learning. In the current study, we investigated gifted students’ experiences with makerspace enrichment programs in Norway in terms of social aspects, learning aspects and teacher support aspects. We conducted semistructured interviews with 15 participants (15–16 years) from four different talent centers across the country. Findings suggested that the informants had an overall positive experience of participation and that most were more engaged at talent centers than at their home schools. In addition, the makerspace approaches seemed to suit gifted learners’ need for more complex subject content and facilitate interaction with peers and teachers with similar content knowledge/interest. We concluded that makerspace activities at talent centers constitute an important supplement to ordinary school for gifted students.

• Liguzinski, Maciej; Colbjørnsen, Terje & Tallerås, Kim (2024)
  Perceptions of e-lending in Scandinavian libraries: tension and harmony between institutional logics
  International Journal of Cultural Policy. Doi:
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  This study examines e-lending dynamics in Scandinavian public libraries, by exploring the relationship between libraries and publishing houses. We ask how representatives of both fields perceive the public library’s role. Public libraries and publishers have traditionally served different roles in the book sphere: the library as a key cultural policy institution providing access to information and culture, and the publishers as involved in the production of books, operating on commercial premises. This relationship is affected by the change from ownership to licensing of digital book collections, which occurs along with changes on the national book markets. As a theoretical and analytical tool, the study uses the institutional logics perspective to explore the relations between different perceptions. We argue that this relationship can be illuminated through the dynamics of public service logic, market logic and digital logic. The study is empirically based on 26 in-depth interviews, interviews with representatives of Danish, ºÚÁÏרÇø and Swedish major libraries and trade publishers. Findings indicate that the relationship is nuanced and multifaceted, more than if it relied on a simple opposition between the public and the market. Both libraries and publishers share a common understanding of public service and market logics; however, they differ in perceptions of library’s role which is amplified by digital logic. The study also indicates that e-lending dynamics are influenced by cultural policies but with different outcomes in the three countries.

• Černe, Matej; Bunjak, Aldijana, Wong, Sut I, Aleksic, Darija & Bozic, Katerina (2024)
  (Techno)stress and subsequent burnout: How job autonomy enables working professionals to regulate demands with control
  International Journal of Electronic Business. Doi:
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  This paper focuses on how technostress relates to job stress, and subsequently results in burnout in digitised workplaces. We also propose that job autonomy can buffer the negative effect of technostress. We test our model in a four-wave longitudinal study of working professionals from a nationally representative quota sample (n = 198 employees contributing 792 observations). The results of the study supported our hypothesised model, highlighting that autonomy represents a crucial job design element that mitigates the effects of technostress on burnout over time. Our contributions complement existing research on technostress, specifically narrowing in on short- versus long-term negative outcomes of this phenomenon, and advancing research on stress and burnout in traditional work settings that adopted the high technology use. From a practical perspective, we provide guidelines for organisations on how to maintain the most appropriate ways of designing contemporary jobs that are inherently embedded in technology.

• Rønning, Rut Jorunn & Røyseng, Sigrid (2024)
  Legitimeringer av kulturskolen i den offentlige politikken.
  Nordisk kulturpolitisk tidsskrift (NKT), 27(1), p. 45-62. Doi:
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  Mye av den tidligere forskningen om kulturskolen i Norge har konkludert med at den ikke når målet om å være bredt tilgjengelig. Slik har forskningen bidratt til å problematisere kulturskolens legitimitet. I denne artikkelen gjør vi legitimitet til hovedtema og spør hvordan kulturskolen legitimeres i den offentlige politikken. Nærmere bestemt stiller vi følgende forskningsspørsmål: Hvilke legitimeringer gjør seg gjeldende i den offentlige politikken overfor kulturskolen? Og om flere typer legitimeringer gjør seg gjeldende samtidig, hvordan kan vi forstå forholdet mellom dem? Som analytisk rammeverk anvender vi det franske pragmatiske perspektivet slik det er utviklet av Boltanski og Thèvenot. Vi ser nærmere på hvilke argumenter som brukes i den offentlige politikken for å rettferdiggjøre kulturskolens kjerneoppgaver knyttet til kunst og kunnskap. Empirisk baserer artikkelen seg på analyse av de to sentrale offentlige dokumentene i den offentlige politikkens legitimering av kulturskolen. Det gjelder overordnet del fra rammeplanen for kulturskolen som er vedtatt av mange kommuner, og det gjelder kapitlet om kulturskolen fra stortingsmeldingen om barne- og ungdomskultur. Analysen viser at både den artistiske, kollektive og prosjektorientert verdiordenen gjør seg gjeldende. Slik viser artikkelen at kulturskolen legitimeres på flere og motstridende måter samtidig, men at de motstridende legitimeringene langt på vei er filtret sammen og glattet over i den offentlige politikken.